V. The Article of Kyoto Protocol
The Article of Kyoto Protocol are too long to discuss and hard to understand. We will just give the summary or highlights of each Article:
The Article of Kyoto Protocol are too long to discuss and hard to understand. We will just give the summary or highlights of each Article:
- Article 1 of the Kyoto Protocol just highlights some terms and its definitions.
- Articles 4 and 11 discuss about assistance financially to developing countries.
- Articles 2, 3, 5, and 7 discuss the obligations of Annex I State Parties.
- Article 10 of the Kyoto Protocol tells about the basic United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change commitments to all parties.
- Articles 4, 6, 12, and 17 tell about the usage of mechanisms in the market that reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
- Articles 9, 13, 14, 15, and 16 discuss the roles of Conference of Parties, its subsidiary bodies and Secretariat and processes in the Kyoto Protocol.
- Article 18 and 19 innovates the procedures on compliance.
- Annex I of the Kyoto Protocol gives list of obligations on parties that are already developed and parties that are in the process of transition about emissions reductions in the economy of the market.
- While the list of greenhouse gases that are covered by the Kyoto protocol can be found on Annex A.
- Also the list of the emissions targets for Annex I countries are found on Annex B.
The Full article of the Kyoto Protocol can be found HERE.
VI. Participation of the Philippines
Philippines today is one of the countries that are experiencing the greenhouse effect on global warming. Increased in sea level, precipitation, and temperature are some evidence in global warming to our country.
Last July 31, 2008 the institute of International and legal studies of the University of the Philippines college of Law conducted a seminar or a talk about Philippine Climate Change Policy: Mitigation and Adaption Measures which is about global warming.
Under the Kyoto Protocol, developing countries like the Philippines are called to pass and implement national measures to advance international community’s agenda about preservation of the environment through reduction of greenhouse emissions. The Philippines produce an act called the “The Clean Air Act of 1999” or known as the Republic Act 8749 that is about the effective air quality management program that will answer the problem of air pollution in the country. Another act that is passed and reinforced is the “Solid Management act of 2000” that aims to provide a solution to the Philippine’s garbage problem.
Our countries resources appealed to develop countries as a “Clean development Mechanism potential”. With this said, the Philippines completed the requirements of the CDM (ratification and designation of CDM National Authority) by June 2004. The Philippines CDM projects include the North Wind Bay Project and Philippines-Austria Partnership which not only lessen GHG emissions but also attract other countries to invest. This ratification of CDM made a more developed industry and developed environment in the Philippines.
VII. Kyoto Protocol today
Last July 31, 2008 the institute of International and legal studies of the University of the Philippines college of Law conducted a seminar or a talk about Philippine Climate Change Policy: Mitigation and Adaption Measures which is about global warming.
Under the Kyoto Protocol, developing countries like the Philippines are called to pass and implement national measures to advance international community’s agenda about preservation of the environment through reduction of greenhouse emissions. The Philippines produce an act called the “The Clean Air Act of 1999” or known as the Republic Act 8749 that is about the effective air quality management program that will answer the problem of air pollution in the country. Another act that is passed and reinforced is the “Solid Management act of 2000” that aims to provide a solution to the Philippine’s garbage problem.
Our countries resources appealed to develop countries as a “Clean development Mechanism potential”. With this said, the Philippines completed the requirements of the CDM (ratification and designation of CDM National Authority) by June 2004. The Philippines CDM projects include the North Wind Bay Project and Philippines-Austria Partnership which not only lessen GHG emissions but also attract other countries to invest. This ratification of CDM made a more developed industry and developed environment in the Philippines.
VII. Kyoto Protocol today
This 2012, the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol ends and a decision needs to be taken so that there will be no gap between commitments. There are many rich nations do not favor for a second commitment to the protocol like Japan, Russia and Canada.
Canada pulled out the agreement in Kyoto Japan to cut carbon emissions contributions. Russia also announced that they will support Canada in pulling out the Kyoto Protocol and that makes two rich countries that will not take new commitments to the Protocol.
“The BASIC countries (Brazil, South Africa, India and China) will remain focused on Kyoto Protocol’s second commitment period,” said a Union environment ministry official, who is a part of the Indian negotiation team in Durban.
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